A recent Law 360 story by Madison Arnold, “Atlanta Atty Keeps $1.15 Fee Award Despite Tossing Notes”, reports that a Georgia state appellate court has upheld an award of $1.15 million in attorney fees to a solo-practice attorney, saying an Atlanta-based airport travel spa operator he did work for failed to show the trial court was wrong in finding the attorney didn't have to save notes about the legal services he provided.

In its ruling, a three-judge panel upheld the attorney fee award for Gebo Law LLC and its only member, Carl Gebo, who provided five years of legal services for Cordial Endeavor Concessions of Atlanta LLC.  The appellate court didn't buy Cordial's argument that the trial court erred by not giving jury instructions related to the "spoliation of evidence," meaning Gebo's tossing of his notes, among other concerns.  "But the court did not abuse its discretion in refusing to give a spoliation instruction or in refusing to allow an expert to opine on an irrelevant issue, and the jury's award was within the range of damages shown by the evidence.  So we affirm the trial court's judgment," the panel said.

Cordial was hoping to overturn the award for nearly 2,000 hours of work performed by Gebo Law, saying the attorney intentionally destroyed time records and that the award was excessive, according to the appeal Cordial filed in May.  At the heart of Cordial's appeal are the notes Gebo made detailing the date, length of time and the description of legal services he provided to the company, the panel said.  In an affidavit, Gebo said it was his normal practice to create invoices based on notes and then discard the notes afterward.

"A lawyer who fails to secure an engagement agreement, fails to communicate his hourly rate to the client, and then discards his contemporaneous time records when fee litigation is likely does not get to recover unpaid fees at the upper range of what might be considered a reasonable hourly rate," the spa operator said in May.

Gebo added that when he threw away the notes, he believed Cordial would soon be paying for his legal services since the company had confirmed a payment plan, the panel said.  That meant Gebo was not yet thinking about or anticipating any litigation, and he only filed after months of unsuccessful negotiations with the company about receiving payments, the panel said.  That turned out to be central to the panel's ruling.  In its eight-page opinion, the panel said the term "spoliation" is used to refer to the destruction of evidence that is relevant to "contemplated or pending litigation."

"Such conduct may give rise to the rebuttable presumption that the evidence would have been harmful to the spoliator.  However, in order for the injured party to pursue a remedy for spoliation, [including a jury charge on the rebuttable presumption,] the spoliating party must have been under a duty to preserve the evidence at issue," the panel said.

The panel found the trial court was within its bounds to decide that a duty to preserve notes was not triggered at the time Gebo pitched them because he used them to create invoices as part of his normal practice.  "[T]here was evidence that Gebo did not contemplate litigation when following its practice of discarding notes after memorializing them in invoices, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying Cordial's spoliation motion," the panel said.

The appellate court separately held that Cordial failed to show the lower court abused its discretion in approving the jury's award of $1.15 million in quantum meruit damages.  "[T]he jury did not understand that Gebo disregarded an important rule of professional responsibility and thus did not understand Gebo should be awarded recovery at the lower range of what otherwise would be a reasonable negotiated fee," Cordial said in May.

That award equals a fee rate of about $630 per hour and that rate is within the range of evidence presented at trial, with expert testimony saying the going rate should be between $500 and $800 per hour.  "[W]e cannot say that the trial court, who saw the witnesses and heard the testimony, abused its discretion in [approving the verdict]," the panel said, quoting a precedential case.